Giuseppe tagliabue



G. TAGLIABUE. APPARATUS FOR ASGRRTAININS THR PROOF SPIRITS IN PRRMRNTRD MASH.

. Patented Feb. 14, 1871.

FIGI.

-INVENTOFK N. PEYERS, Hmmndgnpher, washmglon. IIC4 timid ttter Etaient @ffm GIUSEPPE TAGLIABUE, Oli1 NEW YORK, N. Y.Y

Letters Patent No. 111,885, dated February 14, 14871.

MASH. ,l

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same. 4

I, GiUsnPPE TAGLIABUE, 'ofthe city, co`unty,`and Stateoi -N ew York, have invented a certain new and useful Process and Apparatus for Testing Liquors and i'or other purposes, of which the following is a specification. 4

Nature and Objects of tltczlnfvcution.

My invention consists- 1 First, in constructing an areometer or hydrometer witha scale, which, when the instrument is applied to an unfermentcd grain-mash, willin'dicate directly the percentage of spirits which maybe expected from the said mash provided the fermentation be carried to a proper point, and will admit of ready correction for excessive or defective fermentation without thev necessity of complex calculation, or any reference to tables, ats-hereinafter explained. f

Second, in a funnel of improved construction, for use in connection with the aforesaid can, and for varions other purposes.

Description of the Accompanying Drawing. Figure l is a front elevation of the can, showing a thermometer inserted in the body thereof, and the funnel, having its nozzle inserted in the filling-tube at the side. f

Figure 2 is a top view of the apparatus complete, the can being partially concealed by the funnel.

Figure 3 is a verticalsection on the line x x, g. 2,

l sho-wing the can iilled with liquid andthe areometer immersed therein.

'In the several gnres like letters ot reference indicate corresponding parts` General Description.

D is the can or reservoir, the front of which is made of glass, so as to allow a ready inspection of the thermometer T, without the necessity of removal.

It has a tube, E, at its side, somewhat enlarged or daring at top for the reception ofthe funnel, and communicating at bottom,through the aperture d, with the body of the can, in which the areometer F is introduced for testing the density 'ot' the liquor.

. The funnel A has a perforated plate or diaphragm, a, near its mid depth, and is provided with a plug or valve, B, attached to a rod passing through a tube, a', rising from the center of the diaphragm, and raised or lowered by means ot a lever, a, pivoted at the rim of the funnel.-

The diaphragm a acts as a strainer, to prevent the admission of foreign substances into the can when the liquid is being poured therein through the funnel, and

' by means of the lever a" the valve B maybe so'raised or lowered to diminish or entirely cut off the passage of liquid,.enabling the canto be filledto a proper height with 'great nicety without danger of overflow,.-

and the'liquid 'remaining in the funnelt.Ov be removed therewith without spilling.

The overflow' is. furthrhrevented bythe: elastic packing C, around the neck of th'evfuunehaccurately fitting the upper opening oi' thetubeE. f l

This funnelis also designedl .to be used o'r filling bottles and other vessels, for which lpurpose the aboved'escribed arrangements renderit well adapted.

The zero of the' areomete'r F istaken at apoint whichI indicates a specitie ngravity equal tothat of water, and the graduations are arranged .to indicate, not the percentage of saccharine matter contained in theiiqu'id, nor the actual density of the liquid, asin the case ot' instruments heretofore used, but by a properly'arranged scale to Vindicate directly, by a test of the unfermented mash, the percentage of proof-spirit which may be' expected from the saidmash, provided the ferment-ation be carried to a proper point which will reduce the densitg'oi'. the fermented beer to about that of water.' i

The scale of this instrument is based on the most approved experimental data, but it differs from all others of its class in indicating directly at the stand-l ard temperature, without calculation or table, the percentage of spirits to be expected from the mash.

The following iable shows the specific gravitiesl corresponding'to points in the new scale, and also gives a comparison with Ballings saccharometer scale.

Per cent. New scale. Specific grayity. Saccharometer scale.

O 1.0000 0O 5 1.019,5 4.88 v 1() 1.0387 9.58 1.0575 l14.08 1.0761 18.39 1.0046 22.52

The scale is divided into fifths of degrees, and

temperature of the mash tested be above, or added if belovv, 620 Fahrenheitrthis being the normal or standard temperature to which measurements of all kinds are usually referred.

l Operation.

The test is first made with the unfermented mash,

a small quantity of the liquid being introduced into the can for thisv purpose in the manner alreadyexplained.

'.lhe fermentation having proceeded until a cessation f of the progressive reduction in density indicates that it is as complete as possible, a new test is made.

1f now the density of' the fermented beer be 'reduced' 1 the fermentation does not proceedso far, then the indications ofthe'instruinentin theferinented mash or beer must be deducted from the first indication. It', on the contrary, the beer should prove lighter than Water, as may he the casein rare instances, the last indication must be added. For exai'nple, if l'ortyfve gallons of water have been used to each bushel 'of grain andthe process of sacchariiication llas been well'conducted, the instrument'will show nine 'per cent., signifying that if the fermentation takes place thoroughly, so that the indication in the beer is 0,

`We may look'for nine per` cent. of its volumetto `proof-spirit; or ,since there will be ifty gallons of beer for each bushel 'of grain, the yield will be eighteen quarts. But if, after fermentation, theindication is 10, the yield will be only 'eight perv cent. 'of thelbeer,

or sixteen quart-s perbushel. It, on the contiary,`the

instrument shows 5, the yield will be 9.5 percent., or nineteen quarts.

Of all the various instruments devised for testing liquorsI am not awarethat any hasbefore-been con. structed with a scale which would indicate directly the probable yield., by testing the nufe'rmented grain-mash, Without the 'usefrot' Vatable ora complex calculation. For the reasons given, this instrument excels in cor'- rectness and simplicity all others-of-whieh I havean-y knowledge.

of linear measures, open or close, and in anyconvenientynumher .of serialv stems. It also includes making a scale for the test of molasses solutions, which gives indications between one-eighteenth and one-twentieth sity.

, I claimas my invention--A l l. The areometer, constructed and graduated substantially as herein described, so as to ndicateidireetly the percentage of proof-spirits to be expected fromv a grain-mash or other saccharine solution, with.

a table. A

.l. The funnel A, constructed with a valve `to be closed by hand in substantially 'the manner described. -3. The combination *of the plug or valve B and packing O with' the funnel A, substantially as set forth;

Witnesses: VGIUSEPPE TAGLIABUE.

' H. O. ELLIOTT,

WM. H. -Bnnn'rozvgv Jr.

My claim includes making the scale of any degree part greater thanfor a` grain-mash of the same den.

out the necessity of complex calculation or the use of 

